Properties and performance of extended target motion analysis

The problem of target motion analysis (TMA) has been the subject of an important literature. However, present methods use data estimated by a short time analysis (azimuths, Dopplers, etc.). For far sources, the nonstationarities of the array processing outputs, induced by the sources motion, may be simply modeled. This model leads one to consider directly a spatio-temporal TMA. Then new (spatio-temporal) data can be estimated. These estimates correspond to a long time analysis. Further, note that they are estimated independently of the (classical) bearings. In this general framework, the concept of source trajectory replaces the classical instantaneous bearings. Corresponding TMA algorithms are then studied. Then the study of statistical performance is carefully studied     

How Operational Oceanography Can Benefit from Dynamic Topography Estimates as Derived from Altimetry and Improved Geoid

With a precise geoid, GOCE will allow an estimation of absolute dynamic topography from altimetry. The projected benefits to operational oceanography and its applications are analyzed herein. After a brief overview of operational oceanography, we explain how the new geoids will be used in the future to improve real time altimeter products and to better constrain modelling and data assimilation systems. A significant impact is expected both for mesoscale (e.g. better estimations and forecasts of currents for pollution monitoring, marine safety, offshore industry) and climate (better initialization of coupled ocean/atmosphere models) applications. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Intrinsic time scale for reconnection on the dayside magnetopause

Recently much attention has been focused on the transient behavior of the magnetopause in response to pressure pulses and southward fluctuations of the interplanetary magnetic field. We examine the motion of the magnetopause behind the foreshock and conclude that this motion is affected by foreshock pressure variations but not by fluctuations in the direction of the magnetic field. Neither magnetopause erosion nor flux transfer event occurrence is controlled by the foreshock. On the contrary, flux transfer events occur at times of steady IMF and thier quasi-periodic behavior is controlled by the magnetopause or the magnetosphere and is not driven by the external boundary conditions. Since flux transfer events are clearly due to reconnection, this observation implies that the IMF must be southward some time perhaps as long as 7 minutes before flux transfer begins.     

齿轮抗弯曲疲劳可靠度预测的方法

把齿轮弯曲疲劳失效处理成随机事件，以这个随机事件为研究对象，用齿轮抗弯曲疲劳的累积损伤强度ＫＷ和总疲劳损伤量ＤＷ来描述弯曲疲劳失效随机事件，得出用概率描述的弯曲疲劳的疲劳累积损伤模型。用这个计算模型，提出齿轮抗弯曲疲劳可靠度预测的方法。     

可重复使用航天器基于状态估计的再入飞行滑模控制器设计研究

给出了一种可重复使用航天器再入飞行鲁棒控制方法。在给定可用制导指令和干扰、不确定性的上界条件下，综合利用快慢双回路连续滑模控制方法，生成包括气动舵面和反推力控制系统（RCS）发动机的控制指令，得到了在建模误差和外界干扰存在的情况下拥有高精度、鲁棒性和解耦特性的气动角和姿态角速率跟踪结果。滑模控制抖振抑制逻辑利用李亚普诺夫方法，构筑滑模干扰观测器，并依据自适应增益调节思想，有效消除了控制抖振，保证了工程实际应用的能力。以某型可重复使用航天器为例，在考虑到模型不确定性、风扰以及测量噪声的情况下．通过不同的控制律设计结果对比表明，该方法高效、可靠。     

一种基于信息融合的卫星自主天文导航新方法

直接敏感地平和利用星光折射间接敏感地平是两种基于天体敏感器的自主天文导航方法,其定位精度主要取决于地平的敏感精度。通常利用红外地平仪直接敏感地平的方法简单、可靠,但精度较低,而近年出现的利用星光折射间接敏感地平的方法精度高,但必须能观测到符合一定条件的折射星,根据上述两种方法的特点,提出了一种基于信息融合的直接敏感地平和利用星光折射间接敏感地平相结合的自主天文导航的新方法,计算机仿真结果表明该方法可以进一步提高系统的精度和可靠性。     

基于VRML的航天模拟训练系统

使用虚拟现实建模语言（VRML）建立一个航天地面设备仿真实验和导弹弹体虚拟装配的模拟训练系统，操作者可使用浏览器通过网络进行交互式的虚拟实验和弹体装配，实现航天工程中部分高成本，高代价的实物操作训练功能，该系统具有较好的真实效果，显示了虚拟现实技术在航天工程中的广阔应用前景。     

对流层特大暴雨天气对电离层变化的影响

研究气象活动对电离层变化的影响．利用时序叠加方法，通过对1958-1998年期间发生在武汉的5次特大暴雨天气事件对武汉上空电离层变化的影响进行分析，发现：(1)特大暴雨能够引起低电离层，fbEs和，f0Es参量较明显地减小；(2)特大暴雨对电离层F区寻常波描迹的最低虚高h′F和电离层等效峰高hpF的参量也有一定影响，且随着雨量的增大这种影响作用也会增加；(3)特大暴雨对电离层其他参量影响甚弱或没有影响．本文认为，特大暴雨天气事件对电离层的影响主要来自于动力过程，特别是特大暴雨激发的或相伴的大气重力波、潮汐波和行星波等长周期大尺度过程的作用．     

Tracking multiple objects with particle filtering

We address the problem of multitarget tracking (MTT) encountered in many situations in signal or image processing. We consider stochastic dynamic systems detected by observation processes. The difficulty lies in the fact that the estimation of the states requires the assignment of the observations to the multiple targets. We propose an extension of the classical particle filter where the stochastic vector of assignment is estimated by a Gibbs sampler. This algorithm is used to estimate the trajectories of multiple targets from their noisy bearings, thus showing its ability to solve the data association problem. Moreover this algorithm is easily extended to multireceiver observations where the receivers can produce measurements of various nature with different frequencies.     

航材需求预测模型研究

航材是一种特殊的物资储备,运用一般预测理论很难对其需求时间和需求量进行预测。针对其特殊性,以现代维修理论为基础,结合数理统计的知识,对航材需求预测方法进行了初步探索,进而建立了一种较为实用的预测模型,为航材需求的预测提供了一种解决方案。